nkhani

Pali njira ziwiri zopangira mafakitalesoda: causticization ndi electrolysis. Njira ya causticization imagawidwa mu njira ya soda phulusa causticization ndi njira yachilengedwe ya alkali causticization malinga ndi zida zosiyanasiyana; electrolysis njira akhoza kugawidwa mu diaphragm electrolysis njira ndi ion kuwombola nembanemba njira.
Soda ash causticization njira: Soda phulusa ndi laimu amasinthidwa kukhala soda ash solution ndipo phulusa amasandutsidwa mkaka laimu motsatira. The causticization reaction imachitika pa 99-101 ℃. Madzi a causticization amamveketsedwa, amatuluka nthunzi ndikukhazikika kupitirira 40%. Madzi a caustic soda. The moyikira madzi madzi ndi anaikiranso ndi olimba kupeza olimba caustic koloko zomalizidwa mankhwala. Matope oyambitsawo amatsukidwa ndi madzi, ndipo madzi ochapira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza alkali.
Njira ya Trona causticization: trona imaphwanyidwa, kusungunuka (kapena alkali halogen), kumveka, ndiyeno mkaka wa laimu umawonjezeredwa kuti ukhale pa 95 mpaka 100 ° C. Madzi opangidwa ndi causticized amamveketsedwa, amasungunulidwa, ndikukhazikika ku ndende ya NaOH pafupifupi 46%, ndipo madzi omveka bwino amakhazikika. , mvula yamchere ndi kuwiranso kwina kuti muwunikire kwambiri kuti mupeze koloko yolimba yomalizidwa. Matope a causticized amatsukidwa ndi madzi, ndipo madzi osamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungunula trona.
Diaphragm electrolysis njira: kuwonjezera koloko phulusa, caustic koloko, ndi barium kolorayidi kuganizira kuchotsa zosafunika monga kashiamu, magnesium, ndi ayoni sulfate pambuyo salinized mchere woyambirira, ndiyeno kuwonjezera sodium polyacrylate kapena causticized chinangwa ku thanki kumveka kuti imathandizira mvula, ndi kusefera mchenga Pambuyo pake, hydrochloric acid imawonjezedwa kuti iwonongeke. The brine ndi preheated ndi kutumizidwa electrolysis. Electrolyte imatenthedwa, imasanduka nthunzi, imalekanitsidwa kukhala mchere, ndi kukhazikika kuti ipeze madzi a caustic soda, omwe amakhazikika kwambiri kuti apeze mankhwala omaliza a soda caustic. Madzi osambitsa matope amchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungunula mchere.
Njira ya nembanemba ya ion: Mchere woyambirira ukasinthidwa kukhala mchere, brine imayengedwa motsatira njira yachikhalidwe. Pambuyo pakusefedwa kwa brine mu microporous sintered carbon tubular fyuluta, imayengedwanso kupyolera mu chelating ion exchange resin tower kupanga Pamene calcium ndi magnesium zili mu brine zimatsikira pansi pa 0. 002%, brine woyengedwa wachiwiri ndi electrolyzed. kupanga mpweya wa chlorine muchipinda cha anode. The Na + mu brine mu chipinda anode amalowa cathode chipinda kudzera ion nembanemba ndi OH- mu cathode chipinda amapanga sodium hydroxide. H + imatulutsidwa mwachindunji pa cathode kuti ipange mpweya wa haidrojeni. Panthawi ya electrolysis, kuchuluka koyenera kwa chiyero cha hydrochloric acid kumawonjezedwa kuchipinda cha anode kuti athetsere OH-yosamutsidwa, ndipo madzi ofunikira ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kuchipinda cha cathode. The mkulu-chiyero caustic koloko kwaiye mu cathode chipinda ali ndende ya 30% kuti 32% (unyinji), amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji monga madzi amchere mankhwala, kapena akhoza zina anaikira kutulutsa olimba caustic koloko mankhwala.